{"id":567,"date":"2022-02-08T09:24:07","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T09:24:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xintaivalves.com\/?p=567"},"modified":"2022-02-20T02:44:21","modified_gmt":"2022-02-20T02:44:21","slug":"manufacturing-of-valves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u091f\u0949\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">\u091f\u0949\u0917\u0932<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#1_Design_and_Order\" >1. \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#2_Inventories\" >2 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0940<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#3_Checklist_completion\" >3. \u091a\u0947\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#4_The_Production_Process\" >4. \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#1_The_Casting_Process\" >1: \u0915\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#Physique\" >\u0915\u093e\u092f\u093e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#Seat\" >\u0938\u0940\u091f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#Stem\" >\u0924\u0928\u093e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#2_The_Forged_Technique\" >2: \u091c\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#Cutting_and_Forging\" >\u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0964<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#Trimming_down\" >\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u091f \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#Sandblasting\" >\u0938\u0948\u0902\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0964<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#Matching\" >\u092e\u0947\u0932 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#Surface_Preparation\" >\u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#5_Bring_it_all_together\" >5. \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092c \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0932\u093e\u0913<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#6_Pressure_Test\" >6. \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#7_Quality_Management_and_Inspection\" >7. \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/blog\/manufacturing-of-valves\/#In_conclusion\" >\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e, \u092a\u093e\u0907\u092a \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092a\u093e\u0907\u092a\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948? \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948? \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948? \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092b\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948? \u0939\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092c \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0940\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947, \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092f\u0939 \u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u0924\u0915 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-design-and-order\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Design_and_Order\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947, \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935, \u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u091f\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0932\u0947\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-inventories\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Inventories\"><\/span><strong>2 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0940<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092e, \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0932, \u092c\u0949\u0921\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u094b\u0928\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0932\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u092e \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u0917\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-checklist-completion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Checklist_completion\"><\/span><strong>3. \u091a\u0947\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0906 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u091f\u0940\u092e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0930\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u092c \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0938\u094c\u0926\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u091f\u0940\u092e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u092e \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-the-production-process\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_The_Production_Process\"><\/span><strong>4. \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092f\u0939 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0925\u094b\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0926\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930, \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0947\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u091f\u0940\u092e \u0932\u0940\u0921\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0924\u093f\u0925\u093f \u0924\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940, \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0926\u094b \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-the-casting-process\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_The_Casting_Process\"><\/span>1: \u0915\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"physique\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Physique\"><\/span><strong>\u0915\u093e\u092f\u093e<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0927\u094b\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0925 \u092f\u093e \u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0936\u0947\u092a \u092c\u0949\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u0942\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0932-\u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f \u0915\u091f\u0930 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0902\u091b\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0918\u0942\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092e\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u091b\u0947\u0926 \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0905\u0917\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0926\u092e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0949\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0949\u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092c\u0949\u0921\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0949\u0932\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0926\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0924\u092c \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0907\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091a\u0942\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091b\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u091f\u0947\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u0907\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0932\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0947\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091f\u0947\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"seat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seat\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u0940\u091f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0906\u0938\u0928 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u0942\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0940\u091f \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0940\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092b\u093f\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0924\u0902\u0917 \u092b\u093f\u091f\u0928\u0947\u0938 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0940\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u092c\u0930 \u0930\u0948\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091f\u0947\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"stem\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Stem\"><\/span><strong>\u0924\u0928\u093e<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-the-forged-technique\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_The_Forged_Technique\"><\/span><strong>2: \u091c\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u091c\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cutting-and-forging\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cutting_and_Forging\"><\/span><strong>\u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0964<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0905\u0917\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0926\u092e \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u094c\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"trimming-down\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trimming_down\"><\/span><strong>\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u091f \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u0917\u0921\u093c\u0917\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0939\u091f \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u0949\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0949\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0936\u0947\u092a \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sandblasting\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sandblasting\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u0948\u0902\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0964<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0905\u0917\u0932\u093e \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0948\u0902\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0928\u0924\u0940\u091c\u0924\u0928, \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092b \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0930\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u0902\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"matching\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Matching\"><\/span><strong>\u092e\u0947\u0932 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0927\u093e\u0917\u0947, \u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"surface-preparation\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Surface_Preparation\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u090f\u0938\u093f\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-bring-it-all-together\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Bring_it_all_together\"><\/span><strong>5. \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092c \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0932\u093e\u0913<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0905\u0938\u0947\u0902\u092c\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u092c \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u092c \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0905\u0938\u0947\u0902\u092c\u0932\u0940 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u092a\u0930, \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0921\u0940\u0906\u0908\u090f\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u090f\u092a\u0940\u0906\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0928\u0902\u092c\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0926\u0928\u093e\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-pressure-test\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Pressure_Test\"><\/span><strong>6. \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 6-8 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u092c \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930, \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 2 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u0932\u0917 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u092e\u092f\u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u091d\u0947\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0917\u094b\u0926\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0906 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u0948\u091a \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0915, \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0932\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-quality-management-and-inspection\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Quality_Management_and_Inspection\"><\/span><strong>7. \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">QA \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u092c \u0932\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"in-conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_conclusion\"><\/span><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0939\u0940\u091f \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u091f\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f, \u0935\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u0947\u0902\u092c\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094c\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947, \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Without valves, the pipe structure is incomplete. Valve manufacturers must produce high-quality valves because safety and service life are the most important factors in a pipeline phase. What is the secret to high-performance valves? What is it that helps them work better? Is it because of the material? Do the calibration devices make a difference? [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":366,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/567","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=567"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/567\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":568,"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/567\/revisions\/568"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xintaivalves.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=567"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092a\u0940","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}